During yum update if there is a conflict, you need to fix by excluding unwanted 3rd party packages / repos that belongs to a specific repository, use any one of the two methods explained in this tutorial.
Also, keep in mind that instead of excluding a whole repository, you can also exclude a specific package.
To view all the available repositories on your system, execute yum repolist as shown below.
# yum repolist repo id repo name status base CentOS-6 - Base 6,575 extras CentOS-6 - Extras 62 updates CentOS-6 - Updates 1,622 dockerrepo Docker Repository 2 mongodb-org-3.0 MongoDB Repository 75 repolist: 8,336
In the above example, we have the following:
When you do yum update as shown below, it will upgrade all the packages that are already installed on your system to the latest version available from all of the above repositories.
yum update
If you already have mongodb installed on your system, and when you execute the above “yum update”, it will also upgrade mongodb packages to the latest version.
If you don’t want to upgrade mongodb when you do “yum update”, you should exclude that during yum update as explained in the following section.
Also, if you want to know which repository a particular package belongs to, so that you can exclude that repository from getting upgraded, use yum info command as shown below.
yum info package-name | grep -i repo
You can use the option –disablerepo=repository-name along with yum update. This will not upgrade the packages that belongs to the given repository name.
In the following example, yum update will upgrade all installed packages except any installed packages that belongs to MongoDB repository.
yum --disablerepo=mongodb-org-3.0 update
You can also specify the –disablerepo option at the end after yum update. The following will exclude packages that belongs to Docker repository during yum update.
yum update --disablerepo=dockerrepo
You can get the exact repository name that you want to exclude by looking at the 1st column of the “yum repolist” command output.
Instead of excluding a specific repository from yum update command line, you can permanently exclude a package from yum update by setting the enabled parameter to 0 in the repository configuration file.
The repository configuration files are located under /etc/yum.repos.d directory as shown below.
# ls -l /etc/yum.repos.d/ -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1926 Jan 30 2016 CentOS-Base.repo -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 166 Feb 18 2016 docker.repo -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 142 Feb 5 2016 mongodb-org-3.0.repo .. ..
To exclude mongodb repository, open the mongodb repository file, and set change the value of enabled to 0 as shown below.
# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/mongodb-org-3.0.repo [mongodb-org-3.0] name=MongoDB Repository baseurl=http://repo.mongodb.org/yum/redhat/$releasever/mongodb-org/3.0/x86_64/ gpgcheck=0 enabled=0
Now, if you do yum repolist, you’ll not see MongoDB repository in the output.
# yum repolist repo id repo name status base CentOS-6 - Base 6,575 extras CentOS-6 - Extras 62 updates CentOS-6 - Updates 1,622 dockerrepo Docker Repository 2 repolist: 8,261
This also means that even though you have mongodb related packages installed on your system, when you do the following “yum update”, mongodb packages will not be upgraded anymore.
yum update
You can also exclude multiple repositories during the yum update by specifying the repositories delimited by comma as shown below.
The following example will exclude MongoDB, Docker and EPEL repository during yum update.
yum update --disablerepo=mongodb-org-3.0,dockerrepo,epel
If you have disabled a repository by setting “enabled=0” in the repository configuration file, you can still include that during your “yum update” by using the –enablerepo option as shown below.
The following example will include the packages from MongoDB repository during “yum update” even though this repository is disabled in the repository file under /etc/yum.repos.d/ directory.
yum update --enablerepo=mongodb-org-3.0
You can also get creative by combining enablerepo and disablerepo option.
For example, the following yum update command will upgrade only packages from MongoDB repository.
yum update --disablerepo=* --enablerepo=mongodb-org-3.0
In the above:
Most of the Linux distributions provides some kind of package manager utility. For example, apt-get, dpkg, rpm, yum, etc.
On some Linux distributions, yum is the default package manager.
Yum stands for Yellowdog Updater Modified.
This article explains 15 most frequently used yum commands with examples.
To install a package, do ‘yum install packagename’. This will also identify the dependencies automatically and install them.
The following example installs postgresql package.
# yum install postgresql.x86_64 Resolving Dependencies Install 2 Package(s) Is this ok [y/N]: y Package(s) data still to download: 3.0 M (1/2): postgresql-9.0.4-5.fc15.x86_64.rpm | 2.8 MB 00:11 (2/2): postgresql-libs-9.0.4-5.fc15.x86_64.rpm | 203 kB 00:00 ------------------------------------------------------------------ Total 241 kB/s | 3.0 MB 00:12 Running Transaction Installing : postgresql-libs-9.0.4-5.fc15.x86_64 1/2 Installing : postgresql-9.0.4-5.fc15.x86_64 2/2 Complete!
By default ‘yum install’, will prompt you to accept or decline before installing the packages. If you want yum to install automatically without prompting, use -y option as shown below.
# yum -y install postgresql.x86_64
To remove a package (along with all its dependencies), use ‘yum remove package’ as shown below.
# yum remove postgresql.x86_64 Resolving Dependencies ---> Package postgresql.x86_64 0:9.0.4-5.fc15 will be erased Is this ok [y/N]: y Running Transaction Erasing : postgresql-9.0.4-5.fc15.x86_64 1/1 Removed: postgresql.x86_64 0:9.0.4-5.fc15 Complete!
If you have a older version of a package, use ‘yum update package’ to upgrade it to the latest current version. This will also identify and install all required dependencies.
# yum update postgresql.x86_64
If you don’t know the exact package name to be installed, use ‘yum search keyword’, which will search all the packages that matches the ‘keyword’ and display it.
The following examples searches the yum repository for all the packages that matches the keyword ‘firefox’ and lists the available packages.
# yum search firefox Loaded plugins: langpacks, presto, refresh-packagekit ============== N/S Matched: firefox ====================== firefox.x86_64 : Mozilla Firefox Web browser gnome-do-plugins-firefox.x86_64 : gnome-do-plugins for firefox mozilla-firetray-firefox.x86_64 : System tray extension for firefox mozilla-adblockplus.noarch : Adblocking extension for Mozilla Firefox mozilla-noscript.noarch : JavaScript white list extension for Mozilla Firefox Name and summary matches only, use "search all" for everything.
Once you search for a package using yum search, you can use ‘yum info package’ to view additional information about the package.
The following examples displays additional information about the samba-common package.
# yum info samba-common.i686
Loaded plugins: langpacks, presto, refresh-packagekit
Available Packages
Name : samba-common
Arch : i686
Epoch : 1
Version : 3.5.11
Release : 71.fc15.1
Size : 9.9 M
Repo : updates
Summary : Files used by both Samba servers and clients
URL : http://www.samba.org/
License : GPLv3+ and LGPLv3+
Description : Samba-common provides files necessary for both the server and client
: packages of Samba.
The following command will list all the packages available in the yum database.
# yum list | less
To view all the packages that are installed on your system, execute the following yum command.
# yum list installed | less
Use ‘yum provides’ if you like to know which package a particular file belongs to. For example, if you like to know the name of the package that has the /etc/sysconfig/nfs file, do the following.
# yum provides /etc/sysconfig/nfs
Loaded plugins: langpacks, presto, refresh-packagekit
1:nfs-utils-1.2.3-10.fc15.x86_64 : NFS utilities and supporting clients and
: daemons for the kernel NFS server
Repo : fedora
Matched from:
Filename : /etc/sysconfig/nfs
1:nfs-utils-1.2.4-1.fc15.x86_64 : NFS utilities and supporting clients and
: daemons for the kernel NFS server
Repo : updates
Matched from:
Filename : /etc/sysconfig/nfs
1:nfs-utils-1.2.4-1.fc15.x86_64 : NFS utilities and supporting clients and
: daemons for the kernel NFS server
Repo : installed
Matched from:
Other : Provides-match: /etc/sysconfig/nfs
In yum, several related packages are grouped together in a specific group. Instead of searching and installing all the individual packages that belongs to a specific function, you can simply install the group, which will install all the packages that belongs to the group.
To view all the available software groups execute ‘yum grouplist’ as shown below. The output is listed in three groups–Installed Groups, Installed Language Groups and Available Groups.
# yum grouplist Installed Groups: Administration Tools Base Design Suite .... Installed Language Groups: Arabic Support [ar] Armenian Support [hy] Bengali Support [bn] .... Available Groups: Authoring and Publishing Books and Guides Clustering DNS Name Server Development Libraries Development Tools Directory Server Dogtag Certificate System ...
To install specific software group, use groupinstall option as shown below. In the following example, ‘DNS Name Server’ group contains bind and bind-chroot.
# yum groupinstall 'DNS Name Server' Dependencies Resolved Install 2 Package(s) Is this ok [y/N]: y Package(s) data still to download: 3.6 M (1/2): bind-9.8.0-9.P4.fc15.x86_64.rpm | 3.6 MB 00:15 (2/2): bind-chroot-9.8.0-9.P4.fc15.x86_64.rpm | 69 kB 00:00 ----------------------------------------------------------------- Total 235 kB/s | 3.6 MB 00:15 Installed: bind-chroot.x86_64 32:9.8.0-9.P4.fc15 Dependency Installed: bind.x86_64 32:9.8.0-9.P4.fc15 Complete!
Note: You can also install MySQL database using yum groupinstall as we discussed earlier.
If you’ve already installed a software group using yum groupinstall, and would like to upgrade it to the latest version, use ‘yum groupupdate’ as shown below.
# yum groupupdate 'Graphical Internet' Dependencies Resolved Upgrade 5 Package(s) Is this ok [y/N]: y Running Transaction Updating : evolution-data-server-3.0.2-1.fc15.x86_64 1/10 Updating : evolution-3.0.2-3.fc15.x86_64 2/10 Updating : evolution-NetworkManager-3.0.2-3.fc15.x86_64 3/10 Updating : evolution-help-3.0.2-3.fc15.noarch 4/10 Updating : empathy-3.0.2-3.fc15.x86_64 5/10 Cleanup : evolution-NetworkManager-3.0.1-1.fc15.x86_64 6/10 Cleanup : evolution-help-3.0.1-1.fc15.noarch 7/10 Cleanup : evolution-3.0.1-1.fc15.x86_64 8/10 Cleanup : empathy-3.0.1-3.fc15.x86_64 9/10 Cleanup : evolution-data-server-3.0.1-1.fc15.x86_64 10/10 Complete!
To delete an existing software group use ‘yum groupremove’ as shown below.
# yum groupremove 'DNS Name Server' Dependencies Resolved Remove 2 Package(s) Is this ok [y/N]: y Running Transaction Erasing : 32:bind-chroot-9.8.0-9.P4.fc15.x86_64 1/2 Erasing : 32:bind-9.8.0-9.P4.fc15.x86_64 2/2 Complete!
All yum commands goes against one or more yum repositories. To view all the yum repositories that are configured in your system, do ‘yum repolist’ as shown below.
The following will display only the enabled repositories.
# yum repolist repo id repo name status fedora Fedora 15 - x86_64 24,085 updates Fedora 15 - x86_64 - Updates 5,612
To display all the repositories (both enabled and disabled), use ‘yum repolist all’.
# yum repolist all repo id repo name status fedora Fedora 15 - x86_64 enabled: 24,085 fedora-debuginfo Fedora 15 - x86_64 - Debug disabled fedora-source Fedora 15 - Source disabled rawhide-debuginfo Fedora - Rawhide - Debug disabled rawhide-source Fedora - Rawhide - Source disabled updates Fedora 15 - x86_64 - Updates enabled: 5,612 updates-debuginfo Fedora 15 - x86_64 - Updates - Debug disabled updates-source Fedora 15 - Updates Source disabled updates-testing Fedora 15 - x86_64 - Test Updates disabled updates-testing-debuginfo Fedora 15 - x86_64 - Test Updates Debug disabled updates-testing-source Fedora 15 - Test Updates Source disabled
To view only the disabled repositories, use ‘yum repositories disabled’.
By default yum installs only from the enabled repositories. For some reason if you like to install a package from a disabled repositories, use –enablerepo option in the ‘yum install’ as shown below.
# yum --enablerepo=fedora-source install vim-X11.x86_64 Dependencies Resolved Install 1 Package(s) Is this ok [y/N]: y Running Transaction Installing : 2:vim-X11-7.3.138-1.fc15.x86_64 1/1 Complete!
Yum provides the interactive shell to run multiple commands as shown below.
# yum shell
Setting up Yum Shell
> info samba.x86_64
Available Packages
Name : samba
Arch : x86_64
Epoch : 1
Version : 3.5.11
Release : 71.fc15.1
Size : 4.6 M
Repo : updates
Summary : Server and Client software to interoperate with Windows machines
URL : http://www.samba.org/
License : GPLv3+ and LGPLv3+
Description :
: Samba is the suite of programs by which a lot of PC-related
: machines share files, printers, and other information (such as
: lists of available files and printers). The Windows NT, OS/2, and
: Linux operating systems support this natively, and add-on packages
: can enable the same thing for DOS, Windows, VMS, UNIX of all
: kinds, MVS, and more. This package provides an SMB/CIFS server
: that can be used to provide network services to SMB/CIFS clients.
: Samba uses NetBIOS over TCP/IP (NetBT) protocols and does NOT
: need the NetBEUI (Microsoft Raw NetBIOS frame) protocol.
>
Yum can also read commands from a text file and execute it one by one. This is very helpful when you have multiple systems. Instead of executing the same command on all the systems, create a text file with those commands, and use ‘yum shell’ to execute those commands as shown below.
# cat yum_cmd.txt
repolist
info nfs-utils-lib.x86_64
# yum shell yum_cmd.txt
repo id repo name status
fedora Fedora 15 - x86_64 24,085
updates Fedora 15 - x86_64 - Updates 5,612
Available Packages
Name : nfs-utils-lib
Arch : x86_64
Version : 1.1.5
Release : 5.fc15
Size : 61 k
Repo : fedora
Summary : Network File System Support Library
URL : http://www.citi.umich.edu/projects/nfsv4/linux/
License : BSD
Description : Support libraries that are needed by the commands and
: daemons the nfs-utils rpm.
Leaving Shell